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The purpose of this paper is to introduce a significant modification of the sensitivity maps calculation process using electric field distribution analysis. A sensitivity matrix is typically a crucial part of a deterministic image reconstruction process in a three-dimensional capacitance tomography (3D ECT) and strictly decides about a final image quality. Commonly used sensitivity matrix computation methods mostly provide acceptable results and additionally allow to perform a recalculation of sensitivity maps according to the changing permittivity distribution.

The new “tunnel-based” algorithm is proposed which traces the surfaces constructed along the electric field lines. The new solution is developed and tested using experimental data.

To fully validate the new technique both linear and non-linear image reconstruction processes were performed and the criteria of image error estimation were discussed. This paper discusses some preliminary results of the image reconstruction process using the new proposed algorithm. As a result of this research, an increased accuracy of the new method is proved.

The presented results of image reconstruction with new sensitivity matrix in comparison with the classic matrix proved that the new solution is able to improve the convergence and stability of image reconstruction process for 3D ECT imaging.

The purpose of this paper is to consider the optimization of an 8‐electrode cylindrical electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor. The aim is to obtain maximum uniformity and value of the sensitivity distribution of the sensor, while keeping the mutual capacitances between the electrodes above a predefined level.

The optimization methods that have been used are response surface methodology, genetic algorithm and a combination of both.

As results, optimum dimensions for the gap, mounting pipe, shield and insulation are determined, which ensure more uniform distribution of sensitivity in the sensing area.

The optimization strategies used – RSM and the combined RSM+GA – make the optimization of ECT sensors feasible. The results show the effectiveness of the RSM+GA strategy which could also be used for optimization of 3D multilayer ECT sensors.

Crystallization is the process widely used for components separation and solids purification. The systems for crystallization process evaluation applied so far, involve numerous non-invasive tomographic measurement techniques which suffers from some reported problems. The purpose of this paper is to show the abilities of three-dimensional Electrical Capacitance Tomography (3D ECT) in the context of non-invasive and non-intrusive visualization of crystallization processes. Multiple aspects and problems of ECT imaging, as well as the computer model design to work with the high relative permittivity liquids, have been pointed out.

To design the most efficient (from a mechanical and electrical point of view) 3D ECT sensor structure, the high-precise impedance meter was applied. The three types of sensor were designed, built, and tested. To meet the new concept requirements, the dedicated ECT device has been constructed.

It has been shown that the ECT technique can be applied to the diagnosis of crystallization. The crystals distribution can be identified using this technique. The achieved measurement resolution allows detecting the localization of crystals. The usage of stabilized electrodes improves the sensitivity of the sensor and provides the images better suitable for further analysis.

The dedicated 3D ECT sensor construction has been proposed to increase its sensitivity in the border area, where the crystals grow. Regarding this feature, some new algorithms for the potential field distribution and the sensitivity matrix calculation have been developed. The adaptation of the iterative 3D image reconstruction process has also been described.